Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that affects the hand and wrist. It is caused by the compression of the median nerve, which runs through a narrow passage in the wrist called the carpal tunnel. This compression can lead to symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and fingers.

Symptoms of CTS may start off mild and gradually worsen over time. Common signs include pain or tingling in the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers, and weakness in the hand. Symptoms may be worse at night or when gripping or grasping objects. Some people may also experience a loss of fine motor skills, such as difficulty with buttoning clothes or picking up small objects.

Diagnosis of CTS typically begins with a physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history. A physician may also perform a test called the Tinel’s test, which involves tapping the median nerve at the wrist to see if it causes tingling or pain in the fingers. Additionally, a nerve conduction study or electromyography (EMG) may be used to measure the electrical activity of the median nerve and the muscles in the hand and fingers.

Treatment for CTS typically begins with conservative measures such as rest, ice, and over-the-counter pain medication. A splint or brace may also be used to keep the wrist in a neutral position and help relieve pressure on the median nerve. Physical therapy may be prescribed to help improve strength and flexibility in the hand and wrist. If these measures do not provide relief, a corticosteroid injection may be given to reduce inflammation and swelling around the median nerve.