Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that are most commonly found in the legs. They occur when the valves in the veins that are responsible for pumping blood back to the heart become weak or damaged, allowing blood to flow backwards and pool in the vein. This causes the vein to become enlarged and twisted.

Symptoms of varicose veins can include aching or heavy legs, swelling, itchiness, and the appearance of dark purple or blue veins on the skin. In some cases, varicose veins may also lead to skin discoloration, ulcers, or blood clots.

Diagnosis of varicose veins typically begins with a physical examination, during which the doctor will examine the legs for signs of swelling, discoloration, or varicose veins. They may also perform a duplex ultrasound, which uses sound waves to create images of the veins and help to determine the extent of the damage.

Treatment for varicose veins can range from lifestyle changes to minimally invasive procedures and surgery. Lifestyle changes such as wearing compression stockings, elevating the legs, and regular exercise can help to improve circulation and reduce the symptoms of varicose veins. Minimally invasive procedures such as sclerotherapy and endovenous ablation can also be used to treat varicose veins. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected vein.

Preventing varicose veins from occurring in the first place can be difficult, as the exact cause of the condition is not known. However, there are certain factors that may increase the risk of developing varicose veins, such as being overweight, standing or sitting for long periods of time, and having a family history of the condition.

Incorporating regular exercise and a healthy diet into your routine can help to improve circulation and reduce the risk of developing varicose veins. Eating a diet that is high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and low in processed foods, can be beneficial. In addition, regular exercise can help to improve circulation and reduce the risk of varicose veins.