Protein Electrophoresis Test Protein electrophoresis is a laboratory test used to separate and measure different types of proteins in the blood. It can be used to help diagnose and monitor a variety of conditions, such as infections, inflammation, and certain types of cancer. Pre-test preparation: No special preparation is typically required for protein electrophoresis. Testing method: A small sample of blood is taken from a vein in the arm and placed in a special gel. An electrical current is then applied to the gel, which causes the proteins to move and separate based on their charge and size. The separated proteins are then visualized and measured. There are several types of protein electrophoresis, including serum protein electrophoresis (SPE), urine protein electrophoresis (UPE) and Immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). Common symptoms for prescribing this test: A protein electrophoresis test may be ordered if a person has symptoms of a condition that affects the level or type of proteins in the blood, such as infections, inflammation, or certain types of cancer. It can also be used to monitor treatment of certain condition such as multiple myeloma, and to monitor the level of proteins in people who are at risk of certain conditions, such as people with a family history of multiple myeloma. Diagnosis: The results of a protein electrophoresis test are used to help diagnose and monitor a variety of conditions, including infections, inflammation, and certain types of cancer. Elevated levels of certain proteins, such as the M-protein in multiple myeloma, can indicate the presence of a disease. Low levels of certain proteins, such as albumin, can indicate malnutrition or liver disease. Reference range: The reference range for protein electrophoresis varies depending on the lab and the population being tested. Generally, the reference range for each protein is established by the lab, and the results are reported as either within or outside the reference range. Normal values: Normal values vary depending on the type of protein electrophoresis being done, but generally, the results should show a normal pattern of proteins, with no abnormal peaks or dips in the levels of any specific proteins. Medical disclaimer: The above information is provided for general educational purposes and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

Total protein Test The total protein test is a laboratory test that measures the amount of protein in the blood. Protein is essential for many bodily functions such as maintaining healthy muscles, bones, skin, and hair, and fighting infections. There is no specific pre-test preparation required for the total protein test. The test is typically done by drawing blood from a vein in the arm and sending it to a lab for analysis. Common symptoms that may lead a healthcare provider to prescribe a total protein test include fatigue, weakness, weight loss, and swelling in the legs or abdomen. Individuals who have a history of kidney disease, liver disease, or who have a family history of protein deficiencies are at risk of having low protein levels and may need to be tested. The test is used to diagnose and monitor conditions that affect protein levels in the body such as malnutrition, liver disease, kidney disease, and certain cancers. High or low levels of total protein can indicate the presence of these conditions and monitor their progression. The reference range for total protein levels varies depending on the lab that is performing the analysis but generally, the normal range for adults is considered to be between 6 and 8 grams per deciliter (g/dL). However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper interpretation of the results, as other factors such as age, sex, and other medical conditions can affect total protein levels. It’s important to note that total protein test is not a diagnostic test, it is only a screening test, and it should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic tests such as albumin, globulin, and other blood tests to diagnose the underlying condition and monitor the treatment. Additionally, a positive screening test does not confirm the presence of the underlying condition, it only indicates that there is an increased risk and a diagnostic test is needed for a definitive diagnosis.