Japanese Encephalitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). The virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, primarily the Culex species.

Symptoms of Japanese Encephalitis can range from mild to severe and can appear 5 to 15 days after infection. Mild symptoms include fever, headache, nausea, and vomiting. More severe symptoms include high fever, neck stiffness, disorientation, seizures, comas, and in some cases, death.

Diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis is made through a combination of clinical symptoms, epidemiological information and laboratory tests. The most common laboratory tests include viral culture, PCR, and serological tests like ELISA.

Treatment for Japanese Encephalitis is primarily supportive, as there is no specific antiviral therapy available. Patients with mild symptoms usually recover with minimal treatment, while patients with severe symptoms may require hospitalization and intensive care. Treatment may include medications to control fever and seizures, as well as physical and occupational therapy to help with any neurological or cognitive impairments that may occur.