Cleft lip and cleft palate are congenital conditions that occur when the lip and/or palate do not form properly in the womb, resulting in an opening or “cleft.” Cleft lip and cleft palate can occur separately or together, and can range in severity from a small opening to a complete separation of the lip or palate.

Symptoms of cleft lip and cleft palate can vary depending on the severity of the cleft and the specific area affected. Common symptoms include a visible opening or gap in the lip or palate, difficulty with feeding and speech, and ear infections. In some cases, cleft lip and cleft palate may not cause any symptoms at all.

Diagnosis of cleft lip and cleft palate is typically made during pregnancy through ultrasound or at birth during physical examination. Prenatal diagnosis can help parents to plan and prepare for the baby’s arrival and the possible need for treatment.

Common treatment methods for cleft lip and cleft palate include surgery to repair the cleft, which is typically performed in the first year of life. Additional surgeries may be necessary as the child grows, to address any issues related to speech or breathing.

Preventing cleft lip and cleft palate from occurring is not currently possible, as the exact cause of these conditions is not known. However, there are some steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of cleft lip and cleft palate. These include getting early and regular prenatal care, eating a healthy diet during pregnancy, and avoiding smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy.