Medical Requirements under the Gujarat Factories Rules, 1963

1. Health Monitoring for Workers in Hazardous Units
Factories engaged in hazardous processes must adhere to strict health surveillance programs. This ensures the safety and well-being of workers who are exposed to dangerous substances or processes.

Key Provisions : Periodic Health Examinations: 

Rule 68-V (1) : Factories involved in hazardous processes must conduct health examinations of workers at least once a year.

Rule 68-V (2) : The health check-up should be conducted by qualified medical practitioners, specifically those experienced in occupational health.

Rule 68-U : Additional guidelines detail specific health surveillance methods and intervals based on the type of hazard workers are exposed to.
Medical Records:

Rule 68-W :  Factories must maintain comprehensive health records of each worker, documenting the results of their medical examinations. These records should be kept for at least ten years.
Form 31: This form is used for recording the medical examination details of workers involved in hazardous processes.
Special Medical Checks:

Rule 68-Y :  Workers should undergo additional medical examinations if they are reassigned to different hazardous processes, or if there are significant changes in the workplace environment that could impact their health.
Compliance Checkpoints:
Ensure regular annual health examinations for all workers involved in hazardous processes.
Maintain detailed and accessible health records for each worker for a minimum of ten years.
Conduct additional medical checks whenever workers are exposed to new or altered hazardous conditions.

2. Health Monitoring for Workers in Non-Hazardous Units
For non-hazardous units, the requirements are less stringent but still vital to ensure general worker health and safety.

Key Provisions : Initial Health Screening :

Rule 68-AA :  Workers should undergo a medical examination upon joining the factory to establish a baseline health status.

General Health Examinations : Factories are encouraged, although not mandated, to conduct periodic health examinations for all workers to monitor their ongoing health and detect any potential issues early.

Record Keeping : While not as extensive as hazardous units, non-hazardous units should maintain basic health records of their workers, documenting any significant medical findings or health concerns.

Compliance Checkpoints : Conduct an initial health screening for new employees.
Consider implementing regular health check-ups even if not legally required, to promote a healthier workforce.
Keep basic health records for each worker, noting any significant health observations

3. General Health and Safety Provisions Applicable to All Units
Regardless of the factory type, certain general health provisions apply to all factories under the Gujarat Factories Rules.

Key Provisions : Sanitation  :

Rule 47 : Factories must provide adequate sanitation facilities, including clean drinking water, restrooms, and washing areas.
Ventilation and Lighting:

Rule 18 & Rule 20 :  Proper ventilation and lighting must be maintained in all working areas to ensure a healthy working environment.
First-Aid Facilities:

Rule 65 :  Factories must have accessible first-aid boxes and trained personnel to handle medical emergencies.
Safety Training:

Rule 67 :  Workers must receive training on safety practices and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
Compliance Checkpoints:
Ensure sanitation facilities are clean and adequate for the workforce size.
Maintain proper ventilation and lighting in all areas of the factory.
Keep first-aid kits stocked and train employees in basic first-aid procedures.
Provide ongoing safety training and ensure workers use PPE as required.

Conclusion
Compliance with the Gujarat Factories Rules, 1963, is crucial for safeguarding the health of workers in both hazardous and non-hazardous environments. Regular health check-ups, meticulous record-keeping, and adherence to safety protocols are key to ensuring a safe and healthy workplace. By following these provisions, companies not only comply with the law but also foster a culture of health and safety that benefits everyone involved.