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Complement tests, most commonly C4 are used to determine whether deficiencies or abnormalities in the complement system are causing, or contributing to, a person's disease or condition. Complement plays several functions in immunity. It can poke holes in bacteria, kill bacteria that are first targeted by antibodies, or, working with antibodies, point out which bacteria need to be engulfed by white blood cells. Without sufficient complement, the body is prone to frequent infections, like pneumonia or meningitis, or other illnesses, including autoimmune diseases, like systemic lupus erythematosus. Complement testing may be used to diagnose and monitor the activity and treatment of acute or chronic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis. Monitor immune complex-related diseases and conditions such as glomerulonephritis (a kidney disorder), serum sickness, and vasculitis.

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Complement tests, most commonly C3 are used to determine whether deficiencies or abnormalities in the complement system are causing, or contributing to, a person's disease or condition. omplement plays several functions in immunity. It can poke holes in bacteria, kill bacteria that are first targeted by antibodies, or, working with antibodies, point out which bacteria need to be engulfed by white blood cells. Without sufficient complement, the body is prone to frequent infections, like pneumonia or meningitis, or other illnesses, including autoimmune diseases, like systemic lupus erythematosus. Complement testing may be used to Help diagnose and monitor the activity and treatment of acute or chronic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis. Both C3 and C4 levels are typically depressed in SLE while C3 alone is low in septicemia and infections caused by fungi or parasites such as malaria. Monitor immune complex-related diseases and conditions such as glomerulonephritis (a kidney disorder), serum sickness, and vasculitis.

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The Direct Coombs test is used to detect the antibodies that are bound to the surface of red blood cells. These antibodies sometimes destroy red blood cells and cause anemia. This test may be performed to diagnose the cause of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, jaundice or Rh disease in humans. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; i.e., a condition of a low count of red blood cells (aka RBCs) caused by immune system lysis or breaking of RBC membranes causing RBC destruction.

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The indirect Coombs' test is used to check for unbound circulating antibodies in the serum sample, against a series of standardized red blood cells. The indirect Coombs test is generally used in prenatal testing of pregnant women and in testing blood prior to a blood transfusion or to determine if a person might have a reaction to a blood transfusion. Blood banks use the indirect Coombs' test is to determine whether there is likely to be an adverse reaction to blood that is going to be used for a blood transfusion.

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This test detects the antigen of a parasite called Entameba histolytica in stool or blood. This test is used to diagnose and manage amebiasis, which is an infection with this parasite . Amoebiasis is a type of gastrointestinal infection infecting the bowel and is caused by the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. It is usually transmitted by ingesting contaminated water containing the microorganism; eating contaminated raw vegetables and fruit; unprotected oral-anal sexual contact or through contact with dirty hands or objects in areas of poor sanitation and unhygienic conditions. This test is also used when an amebic liver abscess or amebic dysentery are suspected.

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This test detect allergy to particular drug. A drug allergy occurs when your immune system reacts abnormally to a medication. Drug allergic reactions are similar to allergic reactions resulting from food and other substances that we ingest. An individual's genetic make-up helps determine what they are allergic to and the severity of their allergies. Allergic reactions can be mild or deadly. Mild reactions include itching, rash, and hives. More serious reactions involve swelling of lips, tongue, and difficulty breathing that can lead to death.

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D-dimer tests are used to rule out the presence of a thrombus. Some of the conditions that the d-dimer test is used to help rule out include (1)Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (2)Pulmonary embolism (PE) (3) Stroke. A D-dimer level may be used to help diagnose disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and to monitor the effectiveness of DIC treatment. D-dimer levels may be elevated in the setting of pregnancy, inflammation, malignancy, trauma, postsurgical treatment, liver disease (decreased clearance), and heart disease. A positive test shows there may be a significant formation and breakdown of a thrombus which is indicated by abnormally elevated D-dimer levels. However, the location and cause of the blood clot may be undetectable. This calls for further testing to confirm the presence of a thrombus. Additional tests include an ultrasound of the leg veins.

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Double marker test is one of such tests carried out during pregnancy. Double marker test helps to detect the abnormalities in the unborn child. There is double marker test available for those who suffer from Down’s syndrome. In fact it is detection of pre-birth conditions of the fetus and is usually done after 14 weeks of pregnancy up to 20 weeks. This test detects any kind of chromosomal abnormalities that might occur after the conception occurs.

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The Epstein-Barr virus test is a blood test used to identify an EBV infection. Specifically, the EBV test is used to detect antibodies to EBV antigens. The test can detect that occurred in the past. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies are used to help diagnose infectious mononucleosis (mono). The test is primarily used to detect whether first time infection (called primary infection) with the Epstein-Barr virus is currently occurring, or has occurred within a short period of time. The pattern of the antibodies detected can, however, tell if the person has never been infected with the Epstein-Barr virus, or if the infection occurred in the more distant past. These tests are mostly utilized in the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis when the more common diagnostic test, the heterophile antibody, is negative, or in situations where the infection is manifesting unusual symptoms. Therefore, the tests are often not needed in a situation where a doctor believes that a person has mononucleosis and the heterophile test (also called the monospot test) is positive. In pregnant women with symptoms of a viral illness, one or more EBV antibody tests may be ordered along with tests for CMV, toxoplasmosis, and other infections (sometimes as part of a TORCH screen) to help distinguish between EBV and conditions that may cause similar symptoms.

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The Epstein-Barr virus test is a blood test used to identify an EBV infection. Specifically, the EBV test is used to detect antibodies to EBV antigens. The test can detect the current infection. The VCA-IgM antibody appears first and tends to disappear after about 4 to 6 weeks. The test is primarily used to detect whether first time infection (called primary infection) with the Epstein-Barr virus is currently occurring, or has occurred within a short period of time. The pattern of the antibodies detected can, however, tell if the person has never been infected with the Epstein-Barr virus, or if the infection occurred in the more distant past. These tests are mostly utilized in the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis when the more common diagnostic test, the heterophile antibody, is negative, or in situations where the infection is manifesting unusual symptoms. Therefore, the tests are often not needed in a situation where a doctor believes that a person has mononucleosis and the heterophile test (also called the monospot test) is positive.

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The Epstein-Barr virus test is a blood test used to identify an EBV infection. Specifically, the EBV test is used to detect antibodies to EBV antigens. The test can detect that occurred in the past. The EBNA antibody does not usually appear until after the acute infection has resolved. It usually develops about 2 to 4 months after initial infection and is present for life.

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Dengue IgG tests are primarily used to help diagnose a current or recent infection. They detect two different classes of antibodies produced by the body in response to a dengue fever infection, IgG and IgM. Diagnosis may require a combination of these tests because the body's immune system produces varying levels of antibodies over the course of the illness. IgM antibodies are produced first and tests for these are most effective when performed at least 7-10 days after exposure. Levels in the blood rise for a few weeks, then gradually decrease. After a few months, IgM antibodies fall below detectable levels. IgG antibodies are produced more slowly in response to an infection. Typically, the level rises with an acute infection, stabilizes, and then persists long-term. If the IgG is positive but the IgM is low or negative, then it is likely that the person had an infection sometime in the past. If the dengue IgG antibody titer increases four-fold or greater between an initial sample and one taken 2 to 4 weeks later, then it is likely that a person has had a recent infection.

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Dengue tests are primarily used to help diagnose a current or recent infection. They detect two different classes of antibodies produced by the body in response to a dengue fever infection, IgG and IgM. Diagnosis may require a combination of these tests because the body's immune system produces varying levels of antibodies over the course of the illness. IgM antibodies are produced first and tests for these are most effective when performed at least 7-10 days after exposure. Levels in the blood rise for a few weeks, then gradually decrease. After a few months, IgM antibodies fall below detectable levels. IgG antibodies are produced more slowly in response to an infection. Typically, the level rises with an acute infection, stabilizes, and then persists long-term.  Positive IgM and IgG tests for dengue antibodies detected in an initial blood sample mean that it is likely that the person became infected with dengue virus within recent weeks. If the IgG is positive but the IgM is low or negative, then it is likely that the person had an infection sometime in the past. If the dengue IgG antibody titer increases four-fold or greater between an initial sample and one taken 2 to 4 weeks later, then it is likely that a person has had a recent infection.

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Dengue IgM Test are primarily used to help diagnose a current or recent infection. Diagnosis may require a combination of these tests because the body's immune system produces varying levels of antibodies over the course of the illness. IgM antibodies are produced first and tests for these are most effective when performed at least 7-10 days after exposure. Levels in the blood rise for a few weeks, then gradually decrease. After a few months, IgM antibodies fall below detectable levels. Positive IgM and IgG tests for dengue antibodies detected in an initial blood sample mean that it is likely that the person became infected with dengue virus within recent weeks. If the IgG is positive but the IgM is low or negative, then it is likely that the person had an infection sometime in the past. If the dengue IgG antibody titer increases four-fold or greater between an initial sample and one taken 2 to 4 weeks later, then it is likely that a person has had a recent infection. Negative tests for IgM and/or IgG antibodies may mean that the individual tested does not have a dengue infection.

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Dengue NS1 is the test used for early detection of dengue infection. Dengue is an acute, infectious tropical disease caused by an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitoes, characterized by high fever, rash, headache, and severe muscle and joint pain. Also called breakbone fever, dandy fever. It allows rapid detection on the first day of fever, before antibodies appear some 5 or more days later.