Kidney/Renal Function Profile

The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test measures the level of urea nitrogen in a sample of the patient's blood. Urea is a substance that is formed in the liver when the body breaks down protein. Urea then circulates in the blood in the form of urea nitrogen. In healthy people, most urea nitrogen is filtered out by the kidneys and leaves the body in the urine. If the patient's kidneys are not functioning properly or if the body is using large amounts of protein, the BUN level will rise. If the patient has severe liver disease, the BUN will drop.

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

kidney Disease

Nausea, Vomiting, loss of appetite, sleep problem, changes in urine output, swelling of feet.

Creatinine test is a laboratory test used to measure level of creatinine in blood. Creatinine is a waste product that is produced continuously during normal muscle breakdown. The kidneys filter creatinine from the blood into the urine, and reabsorb almost none of it. Serum creatinine is widely used as a test of renal function both as a general screen, along with urine protein, for renal disease, and as a test for serial monitoring of renal function. When the kidneys are functioning normally, the serum creatinine level should remain constant and normal. Slight increases in creatine levels can appear after meals, especially after ingestion of large quantities of meat, and some diurnal variation may occur, with a low point at 7 A.M. and a peak at 7 P.M. Serious renal disorders, such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and urinary obstruction, will cause abnormal elevations. The creatinine level is interpreted in conjunction with another kidney function test called the Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN). The serum creatinine level has much the same significance as the BUN but tends to rise later. Because of this, determinations of creatinine help to chronicle a disease process. Generally, a doubling of creatinine suggests a 50% reduction in kidney filtration rate.

Creatinine

Kidney Disease

Nausea, Vomiting, loss of appetite, sleep problem, changes in urine output, swelling of feet.

This test measures the amount of calcium in blood. It is used to evaluate parathyroid function and calcium metabolism . It is used to monitor patients with renal failure, renal transplantation, hyperparathyroidism, and various malignancies, as well as to monitor calcium levels during and after large-volume blood transfusions. Calcium helps build strong bones and teeth. It is important for heart function, and helps with muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting. It is a part of Kidney Function Test. It is always advisable to go for complete profile, as level of each test in profile are considered while making decision on diagnosis as well as monitoring the treatment.

Calcium

Chronic Kidney Disease,Chronic Liver Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease-Nausea, Vomiting, loss of appetite, sleep problem, changes in urine output, swelling of feet. Chronic Liver Disease-Abdominal pain, swelling in legs, Dark urine color, eyes and skin appears.

Uric acid tests are tests that are done to measure the levels of uric acid in blood serum or in urine. The uric acid tests are used to evaluate the blood levels of uric acid for gout and to assess uric acid levels in the urine for kidney stone formation. The urine test is used most often to monitor patients already diagnosed with kidney stones, but it can also be used to detect disorders that affect the body's production of uric acid and to help measure the level of kidney functioning. Uric acid is a waste product that results from the breakdown of purine, a nucleic acid. (Nucleic acids are the building blocks of DNA.) Uric acid is made in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. If the liver produces too much uric acid or the kidneys excrete too little, the patient will have too much uric acid in the blood. This condition is called hyperuricemia. Supersaturated uric acid in the urine (uricosuria) can crystallize to form kidney stones that may block the tubes that lead from the kidneys to the bladder (the ureters).

Uric Acid

Gout ,Kidney Disease

Nausea, Vomiting, loss of appetite, sleep problem, changes in urine output, swelling of feet

The BUN / Sr. Creatinine Ratio measures the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to serum creatinine

Urea (calculated) refers to the concentration of urea in serum, plasma, or urine derived from laboratory measurements of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

compares blood urea to creatinine to evaluate kidney function and distinguish between prerenal causes (e.g., dehydration, heart failure) and intrinsic kidney damage